Karela [ Momordica charantia ,family Cucurbitaceous] , It isa popular vegetable that is widely grown in tropical areas., It has been reported to have multiple influences on glucose and lipid metabolism [1,2].It has demonstrated activity against Helicobacter pylori[the stomach ulcer-causing bacteria].It has showed  resistance to viral infections and had an immunostimulant effect in humans and animals, increasing interferon production and natural killer cell activity.of bitter melon against numerous cell lines, including liver cancer, human leukemia, melanoma, and solid sarcomas. [3,4,5] The bitter melon extract has also been reported to have antidiabeticAnticancerous  antileukemic and anti-inflammatory activities [6; 7, 8]

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.1 Extraction Process

The Memordica charantiawas  collected from the local garden in the month of April 2020 and were identified by competent Botanist Dr. Manoj Tripathi of DRI, Chitrakoot. The dried leaves were  powdered.. The extraction was done as per the method reported .

2.1.2 Antibacterial activity

The bacterial strains  were obtained from the culture stock of the Department..  .The method was standardizedby usand used the similar methods [9, 10, and 11].

•  Micronucleus assay:

The bone marrow aspirated from the femur bones of Swiss mice of treated and control groups, It was done as per the method reported by Schmidt[12] andby us  [13.15].

Animal model for wound healing: The wounds were created a  wound healing activity was done as per the method described by Daniel et al [14]. Animals for this experiment were Swiss albino mice of group 3-4 months. 12 mice were used for the experiment, which were divided into 3 groups according to the treatment given.

3. RESULTS

3.1 Antibacterial Assay

50% methanolic extract of present study revealed the antibacterial activity at the different concentrations in different bacterias as listed in table1 and 2.

Topical application of Momordica extract at adose of 100 ul.  hadshown wound healing activity on the skin of Swiss mice. The wound created by the excision method was completely healed after 15 days but in 8-15 days, the wound healing by Momordica extract was greater than Betadine-treated group (Positive control).

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

The Significant wound healing activity was observed in animals treated with Momordica extract compared with those who received the standard and control treatment. our study was supported  the findings by the findin of Sensagal, (2015,David et al 2014 Dandavate et al 2016.  In excision wound modal, Momordica extract-treated animals showed a significant reduction in wound area and period of epithelization.The present study is important because the Momordica charantia plant is important to cure various ailments in traditional medicine since diabetes is spreading in all over the world as an epidemic and there is no permanent treatment in allopathy; therefore, people are looking for alternative medicine for the treatment of diabetes.

REFERENCES

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[2 ]Kumaree, KK and  Prasansuklab A Bioactive Components of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) and Their Antidiabetic Response – Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants and herbal treatment 2023 I edition  CRC Press.

[3] Raina, K  Kumar,D AgarwalRPromise of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) bioactives in cancer prevention and therapy  – Seminars in cancer biology, 2016 – Elsevier,40-41.

[4]. Agrawal, R.C. and Beohar,T. Chemopreventive and anticarcinogenic effects of Momordica charantia extract. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer prevention ,Vol. 11,2010 ,371-375

[5 ] Sur, S  Ray RB Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia), a Nutraceutical Approach for Cancer Prevention and Therapy – Cancers, 2020 – mdpi.com Vol.12 (8).

[6 ]Fischer, P Mendes-Gomes GCEl extracto de Momordica charantia modula la respuesta inflamatoria en linfocitos humanos a través de la supresión de TNF-α Ars Pharmaceutica 2022,63(4).

[7]  Fischer, P Mendes Gomes, GC Frasson BMomordica charantia extract modulates inflammatory response in human lymphocytes via suppression of TNF-α Etcheverr , Pharmaceutica  – 2022, 63 (4) 320-334.

[8]Kwatra D, Dandawate,P  Padhye, S Anant  S Bitter melon as a therapy for diabetes, inflammation, and cancer: a panacea? – Current Pharmacology 2016, Vol.  63 (4) 320-334.

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[10]Agrawal, R.C. Antibacterial and Phytochemical studies of Psidium guajava leaf extracts, International Journal of Research- Granthalaya, 2021b;9(11)

[11]Agrawal RC. Pharmacological studies of Azadirachta indica leaves extract. Open acess research journal of Life Sciences. 2022;04(01):044-050.

[12]Schmid W.(1975). The micronucleus test. Mutal. Res.31: 9-15.

[13]Agrawal,R.C. and Kumar,S., Prevention  of  Cyclophosphamide induced  micronucleus  formation  in mouse  bone  marrow  by  Indole-3- Carbinol. Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol.36, 1999.Pg 975-977.

[14 ]Daniela S. Masson‐Meyers, Thiago A. M. Andrade,Guilherme F. Caetano,Francielle R. Guimaraes,Marcel N. Leite,Saulo N. Leite,  ^, and Marco Andrey C. FradeExperimental models and methods for cutaneous wound healing assessmentInt J Exp Pathol. 2020 Feb-Apr; 101(1-2): 21–37.

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