Tzanck smear is a valuable diagnostic tool in cytology, primarily used for the rapid detection of viral infections, particularly herpesvirus-related conditions such as herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The technique involves scraping the base of a blister or lesion to obtain cells for microscopic examination. Tzanck smears can reveal characteristic multinucleated giant cells, which are suggestive of viral infections. Despite its usefulness, the method has certain limitations, including its inability to differentiate between types of viral infections and its reliance on the skill of the clinician for sample collection and interpretation. Additionally, it may not be sensitive for detecting all viral or non-viral dermatological conditions. The accuracy of Tzanck smear results can be compromised by sample quality, inadequate cellularity, or improper staining. Thus, while Tzanck smears remain an important diagnostic adjunct, they are best used in conjunction with other diagnostic techniques.