Unani System of Medicine: Historical Evolution, Theoretical Foundations, Therapeutic Principles, and Contemporary Integration – A Comprehensive Review

1. Introduction The Unani System of Medicine (USM) also known as Graeco-Arabic Medicine, Unani Tibb, or Greco-Arab Medicine, is one of the oldest and most systematically developed traditional medical systems in human history, with its origins traceable to ancient Greece approximately 2,500–2,700 years ago [1,2].The word ‘Unani’ is derived from the Arabic transliteration of ‘Ionian’, … Read more

A Critical Review of Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance Practices

Introduction In the realm of healthcare, ensuring the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical drugs is of paramount importance [1]. Pharmacovigilance, the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems, plays a pivotal role in safeguarding public health. Over the years, significant progress has been … Read more